被动语态的构成和含义

被动语态的构成和含义

  （1）如果主语是动作的承受者，则用动词的被动语态做谓语。

  （2）被动语态的构成：be + 动词的过去分词 + …… + by sb。

  1.他被妈妈带到了美国。

  He is taken to America by his mother.

  （3）被动语态各种时态

  1.The information is needed by us.

  2.The book was being by him.

  3.The computer has been used by her.

  4.The room will be cleaned.

  5.The computer could have been used by the them.

练习

  1.The information (is needed).

  2.The book (was read).

  3.The door (has been opened).

  4.The book (was being read).

  5.The computer (had been used).

  6.The computer (could has been used).

  7.The room (will be cleaned).

被动语态和情态动词

  （1）被动语态可以和情态动词结合

  can/could + be + 动词过去分词

  may/might

  must/have to

  should/ought to

  had better/would rather

  used to/would

  need + doing/to be + 动词过去分词

  （）和情态动词的结合形式

  1.The food could be taken away.

  2.The food might be taken away.

  3.The food must be taken away.

  4.The food should be taken away.

  5.The food needs taking away.

  6.The food had better be taken away.

  7.Books used to be returned in two days.

练习

  1.The room (may) be cleaned.可能

  2.The door (must) be locked.必须

  3.The house (should) be furnished.应该

  4.The tree (had better) be watered now.最好

被动语态省略行为者（by sb）

动作的行为者不分明，或不重要，或上下文中提到了行为者时，“by + 行为者”可以省略。

  1.The information is needed.

  2.The book is being read.

  3.The door was opened.

练习

  1.The door (is opened). 被打开了

  2.The book (is being read). 正读着

  3.The computer (has been used). 已经被用了

  4.The pencil (had been sharpened). 已经被削尖了

被动语态的疑问句

  （1）被动语态的一般疑问句

  助动词 + 主语 + （其他助动词） + 动词过去分词 + ？

  1.-Is the information needed by him?

  -Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t.

  2.-Has the computer been used by her?

  -Yes, it has. / No, it hasn’t.

  3.-Will the room be cleaned?

  -Yes, it will. / No, it won’t.

（2）被动语态的特殊疑问句：

  疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语 + （其他助动词） + 动词过去分词 + ？

  1.The information is needed by them.

  What is needed by them?

  2.The girl is taken to Shanghai.

  Where is the girl taken?

  3.The book has been read three times.

  How many times has the book been read?

练习

  1.(Is) the book (being read) by her? 她正在读那本书吗？

  2.(Has) the computer (been used) by them? 他们用过那台电脑吗？

  3.How often (is) the English class (taken)? 英语课多长时间上一次？